Control Structures

Control Structures:

Control Structures are the building blocks in programming that dictate the flow of execution in a program. They allow you to control how the program behaves based on certain conditions or repetitive actions.

Examples of them are: ↓ ↓ ↓

Iteration:

This refers to repeating a set of instructions multiple times. It allows you to perform an action repeatedly, such as going through items in a list, or performing a task until a certain condition is met. It helps automate repetitive tasks and makes code more efficient.

Example: (from code)

      this.tID = setInterval(() => {
        const col = (frame + obj.col) * this.pixels;
        this.marioElement.style.backgroundPosition = `-${col}px -${row}px`;
        this.marioElement.style.left = `${this.positionX}px`;

        this.positionX += speed;
        frame = (frame + 1) % obj.frames;

        const viewportWidth = window.innerWidth;
        if (this.positionX > viewportWidth - this.pixels) {
          document.documentElement.scrollLeft = this.positionX - viewportWidth + this.pixels;
        }
      }, this.interval);
    

Conditions:

Conditions allow you to make decisions in your program. They evaluate whether something is true or false and execute different code based on the result. If a condition is true, one block of code runs; if it’s false, another block of code may run. It enables the program to react to different situations.

Example: (from code)

window.addEventListener("keydown", (event) => {
    if (event.key === "ArrowRight") {
      event.preventDefault();
      if (event.repeat) {
        mario.startCheering();
      } else {
        if (mario.currentSpeed === 0) {
          mario.startWalking();
        } else if (mario.currentSpeed === 3) {
          mario.startRunning();
        }
      }
    } else if (event.key === "ArrowLeft") {
      event.preventDefault();
      if (event.repeat) {
        mario.stopAnimate();
      } else {
        mario.startPuffing();
      }
    }
  });

Nested Conditions:

Nested conditions occur when one condition is placed inside another. This allows for more specific decision-making. If a condition within a condition is true, it will trigger further checks or actions, helping to handle more complex scenarios where multiple factors need to be evaluated.

Example: (from code)

window.addEventListener("keydown", (event) => {
    if (event.key === "ArrowRight") {
      event.preventDefault();
      if (event.repeat) {
        mario.startCheering();
      } else {
        if (mario.currentSpeed === 0) {
          mario.startWalking();
        } else if (mario.currentSpeed === 3) {
          mario.startRunning();
        }
      }